Large-Scale Data Engineering and Analytics in Cloud

Performance Tuning and Cost Optimization / Internals, Research, Consulting

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  • AWS,  Flink,  S3

    Flink and S3 Entropy Injection for Checkpoints

    January 2, 2021

    When you use S3 for storing checkpoints it can easily become a bottleneck especially for your Flink application with a lot of subtasks. To overcome this problem FLINK-9061 introduced an entropy ingestion to the checkpoint path.

    But the Flink documentation provides a misleading example (at least up to Flink 1.13) that actually destroys the value of the checkpoint entropy.

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    dmtolpeko
  • AWS,  I/O,  S3,  Storage

    S3 Low Latency Writes – Using Aggressive Retries to Get Consistent Latency – Request Timeouts

    June 4, 2020

    Amazon S3 is highly scalable distributed system that can handle extremely large volumes of data, can adapt to an increasing workload and provide quite good performance as a file storage.

    But sometimes you have to tweak it to run faster that can be especially important for latency-sensitive applications.

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    dmtolpeko
  • AWS,  S3

    S3 Multipart Upload – 5 MB Part Size Limit

    May 27, 2020

    It is a well known limitation that Amazon S3 multipart upload requires the part size to be between 5 MB and 5 GB with an exception that the last part can be less than 5 MB.

    Does it mean that you cannot upload a single small file (< 5 MB) to S3 using the multipart upload?

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    dmtolpeko
  • AWS,  Flink,  S3

    Flink S3 Checkpoints – Monitoring Using S3 Access Logs

    May 26, 2020

    You can use the Flink Web UI to monitor the checkpoint operations in Flink, but in some cases S3 access logs can provide more information, and can be especially useful if you run many Flink applications.

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    dmtolpeko
  • AWS,  Hive,  S3

    Hive Table for S3 Access Logs

    May 26, 2020

    Although Amazon S3 can generate a lot of logs and it makes sense to have an ETL process to parse, combine and put the logs into Parquet or ORC format for better query performance, there is still an easy way to analyze logs using a Hive table created just on top of the raw S3 log directory.

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    dmtolpeko
  • AWS,  Kinesis

    Kinesis Client Library (KCL 2.x) Consumer – Load Balancing, Rebalancing – Taking, Renewing and Stealing Leases

    May 20, 2020

    For zero-downtime, large-scale systems you can have multiple compute clusters located in different availability zones.

    The Kinesis KCL 2.x Consumer is very helpful to build highly scalable, elastic and fault-tolerant streaming data processing pipelines for Amazon Kinesis. Let’s review some of the KCL internals related to the load balancing and response to compute node/cluster failures and how you can tune and monitor such activities.

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    dmtolpeko
  • AWS,  CPU,  EC2,  EMR,  Hadoop,  Qubole,  YARN

    AWS EC2 vCPU and YARN vCores – M4, C4, R4 Instances

    May 7, 2020

    Let’s review how EC2 vCPUs correspond to YARN vCores in Amazon EMR and Qubole Hadoop clusters. As an example, I will choose m4.4xlarge, r4.4xlarge and c4.4xlarge EC2 instance types.

    EC2 vCPU is a thread of a CPU core (typically, there are two threads per core). Does it mean that YARN vCores should be equal to the number of EC2 vCPU? That’s not always the case.

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    dmtolpeko
  • AWS,  S3

    S3 REST API – HTTP/1.1 Requests for Uploading Files

    May 2, 2020

    Let’s review major REST API requests for uploading files to S3 (PutObject, CreateMultipartUpload, UploadPart and CompleteMultipartUpload) that you can observe in S3 access logs.

    This can be helpful for monitoring S3 write performance. See also S3 Multipart Upload – S3 Access Log Messages.

    Read More
    dmtolpeko
  • AWS,  I/O,  S3

    S3 Multipart Upload – S3 Access Log Messages

    April 17, 2020

    Most applications writing data into S3 use the S3 multipart upload API to upload data in parts. First, you initiate the load, then upload parts and finally complete the multipart upload.

    Let’s see how this operation is reflected in the S3 access log. My application uploaded the file data.gz into S3, and I can view it as follows:

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    dmtolpeko
  • AWS,  Flink,  I/O,  S3

    Flink – Tuning Writes to S3 Sink – fs.s3a.threads.max

    April 12, 2020

    One of our Flink streaming jobs had significant variance in the time spent on writing files to S3 by the same Task Manager process.

    What settings do you need to check first?

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    dmtolpeko
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Recent Posts

  • Jan 15, 2021 Parquet 1.x File Format – Footer Content
  • Jan 02, 2021 Flink and S3 Entropy Injection for Checkpoints
  • Jun 25, 2020 Hadoop YARN – Monitoring Resource Consumption by Running Applications in Multi-Cluster Environments
  • Jun 18, 2020 How Map Column is Written to Parquet – Converting JSON to Map to Increase Read Performance
  • Jun 09, 2020 Flink Streaming to Parquet Files in S3 – Massive Write IOPS on Checkpoint

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